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[Science]Automotive Active Suspension-Electromagnetic Suspension

Click: Time:2021-06-19 14:10:54

At present, steel plate suspension and airbag suspension are commonly used in automobile suspension systems. So, in the suspension system, what is the difference between steel plate suspension and airbag suspension? Next, the editor will give you a detailed introduction.


1. Definition

Steel plate suspension: For passenger cars, coil springs are mostly used for independent suspension elastic elements, and leaf springs are mostly used for non-independent suspension elastic elements. As the name suggests, leaf springs are made of steel plates, which are also called leaf springs. It has two types, one is equal thickness, the width is narrow at both ends and wide in the middle. The traditional multi-piece leaf spring is of this type. This type of leaf spring is composed of multiple steel plates with different lengths and the same width. Nowadays, most buses and trucks use this type of leaf spring.

Air suspension/airbag suspension: Air spring is used as elastic element, air is used as elastic medium, compressed air is filled in a sealed container, and the compressibility of gas is used to realize shock absorption for the vehicle by elasticity.


2. Their respective advantages and disadvantages and applications

Steel plate suspension: The middle of the leaf spring is fixed to the axle by U-shaped bolts (also called riding bolts), and the curling ears at both ends are hinged on the bracket of the frame with pins. In this way, the axle and the body are connected by leaf springs, which play a role in buffering, damping, and transmitting force. However, when the leaf spring flexes, the pieces will slide and rub against each other to generate noise. Friction can also cause spring deformation, causing uneven driving. Therefore, in cars with a small load capacity, few leaf springs appear to eliminate the defects of multiple leaf springs. Some small-leaf leaf springs use only one leaf spring. Compared with multiple-leaf leaf springs, apart from reducing noise and no friction, they can also save materials, reduce weight, facilitate layout, reduce the height of the vehicle, and have good ride comfort. Due to the simple steel structure and reliable use, leaf springs are widely used, such as some off-road vehicles, pickups or vans. Most buses and trucks use leaf springs.

Air suspension: Compared with traditional steel plate suspension, the biggest advantage of air suspension is light weight. For example, an 8x4 tanker with air suspension weighs about 1200 kg less than an 8x4 tanker with steel plate suspension; air suspension The direct benefit of light weight to freight users is that they can load more and burn less fuel.

The lift can be embodied in two aspects. One is that the axle can be lifted through the air suspension, which is conducive to reducing tire wear and fuel saving, and is especially suitable for working conditions with unilateral emptying. Second, the height of the vehicle loading platform can be reduced to a certain extent through air suspension, which is convenient for loading and unloading cargo.

Stable driving and good shock absorption are another important advantage of air suspension. The elastic coefficient of the air spring, which is the softness and hardness of the spring, can be automatically adjusted as needed. When the vehicle is running at high speed, the air spring becomes hard to improve the stability of the vehicle. When encountering poor road conditions, the air spring becomes soft and improves the comfort of the vehicle. Sex. The adjustment of the air spring can also ensure a constant height of the carriage, which is beneficial to protect the safety of the cargo. Compared with lightweight, companies purchasing air suspension models are more focused on cargo safety. Compared with the outstanding advantages, the disadvantages of air suspension are also very prominent in everyone's eyes. The disadvantages of air suspension are high price and strict requirements on cargo tonnage. The imported air suspension system is less than 70,000 to 80,000 yuan, and the more expensive one is more than 100,000. The domestic air suspension is relatively cheaper, but the quality and reliability need to be improved.

In fact, regardless of price and overload, air suspension has obvious advantages over ordinary steel plate suspension. At present, air suspension is basically standard in European and American countries. Some large special-purpose vehicle companies in my country have also begun to promote air suspension. With the increasing maturity of air suspension technology in our country, it is believed that air suspension will be popularized in our country in the near future.


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